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Group B streptococcal meningitis in adults

D W Dunne¹, V Quagliarello

¹Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.

|January 1, 1993

Summary

Group B streptococcal meningitis is rare in adults but can occur in both healthy and immunocompromised individuals. Mortality is high, particularly in those with co-existing health conditions.

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Area of Science:

Infectious Diseases
Neurology
Bacteriology

Background:

Group B streptococcal (GBS) meningitis is a common neonatal infection but infrequently observed in adults.
This study reviews adult GBS meningitis cases to understand its epidemiology and clinical characteristics.

Observation:

A retrospective analysis identified 4 adult cases over 25 years, supplemented by 46 literature cases.
Bimodal age distribution noted, similar to other severe GBS infections.
Clinical presentation often mimics other pyogenic meningitis, with a significant proportion of patients experiencing rapid symptom onset (<24 hours).

Findings:

43% of adult GBS meningitis patients had no underlying illnesses.
Concomitant bacteremia was present in 83% of cases.
The overall mortality rate was 27%, exclusively among patients with co-morbidities.

Implications:

Adult GBS meningitis should be considered in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients.
Highlights the potential severity of GBS infections beyond the neonatal period.
Emphasizes the need for prompt diagnosis and management in suspected adult GBS meningitis cases.

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