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Platelet abnormalities in diabetes mellitus

A B Glassman1

  • 1Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Nashville, TN 37232-5310.

Annals of Clinical and Laboratory Science
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Diabetes mellitus (DM) patients exhibit platelet abnormalities, increasing thrombosis and atherosclerosis risk. These include membrane, granule, and metabolic alterations, impacting platelet function and disease progression.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Hematology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus (DM) is linked to heightened risks of thrombosis and accelerated atherogenesis.
  • In vitro studies show increased platelet adhesion and aggregation in diabetic patients.
  • Platelet dysfunction is a significant, yet complex, complication of diabetes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and examine platelet abnormalities in diabetes mellitus.
  • To explore the pathophysiology underlying these platelet dysfunctions.
  • To correlate platelet changes with increased thrombotic and atherosclerotic risks.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of known platelet abnormalities in diabetic patients.
  • Analysis of pathophysiology involving platelet membrane, granule, and metabolic functions.
  • Examination of other factors like stem cell response and thrombopoiesis.

Main Results:

  • Diabetic rats show increased fibrinogen binding and membrane rigidity.
  • Elevated levels of glycoproteins Ib and IIb/IIIa are observed.
  • Increased plasma serotonin, histamine, and beta-thromboglobulin are found.
  • Alterations in prostaglandin pathways, lipids, and Vitamin E metabolism are reported.

Conclusions:

  • Platelet abnormalities in DM involve membrane, granule, and metabolic pathways.
  • These alterations contribute to increased thrombosis and accelerated atherosclerosis.
  • Further research is needed to fully characterize stem cell and thrombopoiesis abnormalities.

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