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Related Experiment Videos

Developmental changes in rat adrenal enkephalin precursor: peptide ratio

M K McMillian1, P M Hudson, D Y Lee

  • 1Laboratory of Molecular and Integrative Neurosciences, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709.

Brain Research. Developmental Brain Research
|January 15, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Rat adrenal glands show developmental changes in [Met5]enkephalin (ME) and proenkephalin (MERF) levels. Sympathetic nerve activity influences the processing of proenkephalin to ME during development.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroendocrinology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Peptide Biochemistry

Background:

  • Adrenal glands play a crucial role in stress response and hormone production.
  • Opioid peptides, such as [Met5]enkephalin (ME), are synthesized from precursor proteins like proenkephalin.
  • Developmental changes in the adrenal processing of these peptides are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the developmental changes in rat adrenal [Met5]enkephalin (ME) and proenkephalin (MERF) immunoreactivity.
  • To explore the role of sympathetic nerve activity and carboxypeptidase E in regulating proenkephalin processing during development.

Main Methods:

  • Measurement of ME and MERF immunoreactivity in rat adrenal glands at different postnatal ages.
  • Assay of carboxypeptidase E activity in adrenal tissue.

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  • Pharmacological manipulation (nicotine treatment) and surgical intervention (denervation) to assess the impact of sympathetic activity.

    • Main Results:

    • MERF levels were highest in the first postnatal week, decreasing significantly by day 21, while ME levels showed a smaller decrease.
    • The proenkephalin (MERF) to ME ratio decreased during the suckling to weanling transition, potentially due to increased carboxypeptidase E activity.
    • Nicotine treatment accelerated the decrease in the MERF:ME ratio and increased enzyme activity, while denervation reduced ME and increased the MERF:ME ratio.

    Conclusions:

    • Adrenal proenkephalin processing to ME is developmentally regulated.
    • Increasing sympathetic nerve activity, particularly in the third postnatal week, stimulates proenkephalin processing.
    • These findings elucidate the mechanisms underlying the developmental changes in adrenal opioid peptide expression and processing.