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Related Experiment Videos

Childhood epiglottitis in recent years

A Kessler1, R F Wetmore, R R Marsh

  • 1Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA 19104.

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Acute epiglottitis incidence rose, with more Hemophilus influenzae type B (HIB) infections showing ampicillin resistance. However, endotracheal intubation replaced tracheotomy, and no long-term complications were observed.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Otolaryngology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Acute epiglottitis is a serious upper airway infection in children.
  • Understanding disease trends is crucial for effective management and prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare recent patterns of acute epiglottitis with historical data.
  • To identify changes in incidence, causative agents, resistance, and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 55 acute epiglottitis cases (1985-1991).
  • Comparison with an earlier institutional study from 1979.
  • Evaluation of Hemophilus influenzae type B (HIB) resistance and vaccine failure rates.

Main Results:

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  • Higher overall annual incidence in recent years, with a recent decline.
  • 36% of HIB infections were ampicillin-resistant; 27% were vaccine failures (pre-1990).
  • Endotracheal intubation became the primary airway management, replacing tracheotomy (31% in the past).

    • Conclusions:

    • Acute epiglottitis patterns have evolved, influenced by HIB resistance and vaccination.
    • Modern airway management via intubation is effective.
    • No mortality or long-term complications were noted in either study period.