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Perinatal infections with Streptococcus pneumoniae

M Kaplan1, B Rudensky, A Beck

  • 1Department of Neonatology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.

American Journal of Perinatology
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Perinatal infections with Streptococcus pneumoniae are rare but can cause illness in mothers and newborns. This study found low incidence rates, with all patients surviving after treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal and Perinatal Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Perinatal infections by Streptococcus pneumoniae, though uncommon, pose risks for maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality.
  • Understanding the incidence of pneumococcal sepsis in perinatal patients is crucial for assessing public health impact.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of proven Streptococcus pneumoniae sepsis in parturient and neonatal patients.
  • To characterize clinical signs and outcomes of perinatal pneumococcal infections.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of blood culture records from 1977 to 1989.
  • Analysis of positive blood cultures for Streptococcus pneumoniae in maternal and neonatal populations.
  • Epidemiological calculation of sepsis incidence per 1000 live births.

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Main Results:

  • Two of 89 (2.2%) parturient patients and three of 240 (1.25%) infants had positive blood cultures for pneumococcus.
  • Incidence rates were 0.04/1000 live births for maternal sepsis and 0.06/1000 for neonatal sepsis.
  • Identical pneumococcal serotypes were isolated in three mother-infant pairs; infants presented with respiratory distress and poor perfusion, while mothers showed pyrexia and leukocytosis. All patients survived.

Conclusions:

  • Perinatal pneumococcal infections are rare, confirming findings from this epidemiologic survey.
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae can cause significant morbidity in both mothers and neonates.
  • Prompt antibiotic and supportive care led to survival in all identified cases.