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Patterns of mitochondrial sorting in yeast zygotes

R Azpiroz1, R A Butow

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235.

Molecular Biology of the Cell
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sorting in yeast zygotes can be uniparental, influenced by parental mtDNA. Researchers found that matrix proteins like citrate synthase 1 (CS1) can move independently of mtDNA during early budding.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) inheritance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is typically biparental, with limited mixing observed in early zygotic buds.
  • While most crosses show homoplasmic or heteroplasmic progeny, certain petite yeast crosses exhibit uniparental mitochondrial inheritance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the factors influencing mitochondrial sorting during yeast zygote development.
  • To identify intermediates and mechanisms governing mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and matrix protein movement.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized pedigree analysis of zygotic first buds in Saccharomyces cerevisiae crosses.
  • Employed pre-labeling techniques with citrate synthase 1 (CS1) and mouse dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) as matrix protein markers.
  • Observed intracellular movement of mtDNA and matrix proteins in various yeast mutant backgrounds (p+, p0, petite).

Main Results:

  • Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mixing is often limited, with end buds favoring homoplasmy.
  • In specific crosses, particularly involving petite mutants, uniparental mitochondrial inheritance occurs.
  • Matrix proteins (CS1, DHFR) can exhibit vectorial translocation within the zygote, sometimes preceding mtDNA movement.
  • This protein translocation is independent of respiratory function and occurs even in the absence of mtDNA (p0) from one parent.

Conclusions:

  • Mitochondrial sorting in yeast zygotes is influenced by parental mtDNA composition.
  • Intracellular movement of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and bulk matrix constituents appear to be independently regulated processes.
  • Vectorial transfer of matrix proteins suggests a general mechanism for protein localization within the zygote before complete mtDNA equilibration.

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