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Development and validation of a self-critical cognition scale

F I Ishiyama1, P A Munson

  • 1Department of Counselling Psychology, Faculty of Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.

Psychological Reports
|February 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

A new 13-item Self-critical Cognition scale reliably measures negative self-processing and failure in positive self-processing. This validated tool aids research into self-critical tendencies and related psychological conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Self-critical cognition involves negative self-processing and difficulties with positive self-appraisal.
  • Existing measures may not fully capture this cognitive tendency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a scale measuring self-critical cognition.
  • To assess the reliability and construct validity of the new scale.

Main Methods:

  • A 13-item Self-critical Cognition scale was administered to 561 university students.
  • Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and factor analysis were conducted.
  • Correlations with established measures of self-esteem, social anxiety, shyness, fear of negative evaluation, and depression were examined.

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Main Results:

  • The scale demonstrated high internal consistency (alpha = .89) and test-retest reliability (r = .83).
  • Factor analysis revealed two factors: negative self-processing and failure in positive self-processing.
  • Significant correlations supported construct validity, linking self-critical cognition to lower self-esteem and higher social anxiety, shyness, fear of negative evaluation, and depression.

Conclusions:

  • The Self-critical Cognition scale is a reliable and valid instrument.
  • The scale can be utilized in experimental and clinical research settings to study self-critical tendencies.