Intrathecal baclofen infusion: an innovative approach for controlling spinal spasticity

Severe and disabling spasticity frequently occurs in people with multiple sclerosis and spinal cord injury. Approximately 30% of these people are treated with oral antispasmodic medications that do not provide adequate relief from spasticity (Hattab, 1980). Clinical trials with spinal stimulation and ablative neurosurgical procedures have not been as uniformly successful for controlling spasticity as has intrathecal baclofen injection (Kasdon, 1986). Delivered by an implantable programmable drug pump, intrathecal baclofen injection has proven to be successful in treating individuals with intractable spasticity. Significant reduction in muscle tone and frequency of spasms have contributed to improved function with activities of daily living, bladder management, overall comfort, and quality of sleep (Penn et al., 1989; Parke, Penn, Savoy, & Corcos, 1989). This article introduces an innovative therapy for controlling spasticity and discusses the nurse's role in patient selection and management.