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Goitre in Ethiopia

Z Wolde-Gebriel1, T Demeke, C E West

  • 1Ethiopian Nutrition Institute, Addis Ababa.

The British Journal of Nutrition
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

A large survey in Ethiopia found high goitre prevalence, particularly in females and at higher altitudes. This highlights significant iodine deficiency issues impacting public health.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Goitre, an enlargement of the thyroid gland, is a significant indicator of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD).
  • Ethiopia, with diverse geographical regions, faces potential public health challenges related to IDD.
  • Understanding the prevalence and distribution of goitre is crucial for targeted public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of goitre in schoolchildren and household members across Ethiopian regions.
  • To investigate variations in goitre prevalence based on sex, age, and altitude.
  • To estimate the potential public health consequences of iodine deficiency.

Main Methods:

  • A stratified goitre survey was conducted on 35,635 schoolchildren and 19,158 household members.
  • Data collection included assessment of gross and visible goitre.
  • An epidemiological model was used to estimate the consequences of iodine deficiency.

Main Results:

  • Gross goitre prevalence was 30.6% in schoolchildren and 18.7% in household members.
  • Visible goitre prevalence was 1.6% in schoolchildren and 3.2% in household members.
  • Prevalence was higher in females and increased with age and altitude.

Conclusions:

  • The study reveals a substantial burden of goitre in Ethiopia, indicating widespread iodine deficiency.
  • Interventions to address iodine deficiency are urgently needed, especially for vulnerable populations.
  • Altitude and sex are significant factors influencing goitre prevalence.

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