[Overtraining among elite athletes--causes, diagnosis and treatment]

Overtraining is an imbalance between training and recovery. We review the pathogenesis of overtraining, with emphasis on the neuroendocrinal changes which occur in response to acute overtraining. At present, no sensitive and specific tests are available to allow early diagnosis of overtraining. The diagnosis is based on medical history, clinical evaluation and exercise testing. The treatment is rest, and may take weeks to months.