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Is there a general tendency to become addicted?

P Rozin1, C Stoess

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104-6196.

Addictive Behaviors
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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This study found a weak tendency for addiction across various substances and activities, challenging the idea of a general addictive personality. Addiction components like craving and withdrawal were highly correlated, but overall addiction scores showed low positive correlations.

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Behavioral Science
  • Addiction Research

Background:

  • The concept of an addictive personality suggests a generalized predisposition to addiction.
  • Previous research has explored shared characteristics across different addictive behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the tendency for addiction across diverse substances and activities.
  • To examine the correlations between addiction scores for various behavioral and substance dependencies.
  • To assess the validity of the addictive personality concept.

Main Methods:

  • Surveyed 573 college students and parents on addiction components (craving, tolerance, withdrawal, lack of control).
  • Assessed relationships with ten substances/activities: coffee, tea, cola, alcohol, chocolate, sweets, chili pepper, cigarettes, gambling, and video games.

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  • Calculated "addiction scores" by summing the four components for each subject and activity.

    • Main Results:

    • Low positive correlations (0–.30) were observed between addiction scores for most activities, suggesting a weak general tendency.
    • Higher correlations were found between chocolate and nonchocolate sweets.
    • Three addiction components (craving, lack of control, withdrawal) were highly correlated.
    • No significant correlations were found between parent and child addiction scores.

    Conclusions:

    • The findings provide little support for a general tendency to become addicted across substances and activities.
    • The concept of an "addictive personality" is questionable based on the observed weak correlations.
    • The high correlation among specific addiction components suggests shared underlying mechanisms for those aspects.