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Related Experiment Videos

The low HDL cholesterol/high triglyceride trait

D L Sprecher1, H S Feigelson, P M Laskarzewski

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Ohio 45267.

Arteriosclerosis and Thrombosis : a Journal of Vascular Biology
|April 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and high triglyceride (TG) levels frequently co-occur and are shared within families. Family screening is crucial for identifying individuals at increased coronary heart disease risk due to these lipid abnormalities.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Genetics
  • Lipid Metabolism
  • Family Studies

Background:

  • Low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and high triglyceride (TG) levels are independent risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD).
  • The familial aggregation of these lipid abnormalities suggests a potential genetic component or shared environmental factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the conjoint occurrence of low HDL-C (hypoalpha) and high TG (hyperTG) levels.
  • To determine the extent to which these lipid phenotypes are shared among first-degree relatives.
  • To assess the clinical utility of family screening for these lipid traits.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of lipid profiles (HDL-C and TG) in 748 probands and 3,283 first-degree relatives from the Collaborative Lipid Research Clinics (LRC) Family Study.

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  • Calculation of familial percentages to assess the co-occurrence and intrafamilial sharing of hypoalpha and hyperTG.
  • Comparison of prevalence rates between probands and relatives.

    • Main Results:

    • Concurrent low HDL-C and high TG (conjoint trait, CT) were found in 2.7% of probands and significantly enriched to 12.7% in their first-degree relatives (p = 0.003).
    • If a proband had CT, 80% of their families showed at least one other member with an HDL-C/TG abnormality.
    • Familial hypoalpha and hyperTG were observed in 2.4% and 4.1% of families, respectively, with familial CT in approximately 0.7%.

    Conclusions:

    • The familial clustering of low HDL-C and high TG suggests a strong heritable component, not easily explained by shared environment alone.
    • Family screening is highly valuable for identifying individuals with conjoint low HDL-C/high TG, a trait linked to elevated CHD risk.
    • Early identification and intervention in families with these lipid abnormalities can mitigate cardiovascular risk.