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On what intelligence is

R W Howard1

  • 1Department of Education, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.

British Journal of Psychology (London, England : 1953)
|February 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study clarifies the multifaceted concept of intelligence by analyzing three distinct concept/category pairs: Spearman's g, intelligence as behavior, and intelligence as abilities. Understanding these distinctions resolves definitional controversies in psychology.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Philosophy of Mind
  • Conceptual Analysis

Background:

  • The definition of intelligence is highly debated, with consensus that it represents one or more concepts.
  • Recent theories define concepts as individual information about real-world categories.
  • A single word can label multiple distinct concept/category pairs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To apply concept theory to clarify the notion(s) of intelligence.
  • To analyze three major concept/category pairs of intelligence.
  • To resolve recurrent issues regarding the definition and application of 'intelligence'.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of three distinct concept/category pairs for 'intelligence': Spearman's g, intelligence as a property of behavior, and intelligence as a set of abilities.

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  • Application of recent theorizing on the nature of concepts and categories.
  • Examination of how these pairs address issues like the referent of 'intelligence' and intelligent entities.

    • Main Results:

    • Each concept/category pair for intelligence contains unique information and refers to different categories.
    • The 'g' concept implies intelligence is a singular entity, applicable only to humans.
    • Behavioral and abilities concepts allow for broader application, including animals and computers.
    • Recurrent issues are resolved by differentiating between these concept/category pairs.

    Conclusions:

    • Clarifying the concept/category structure of 'intelligence' resolves definitional disputes.
    • The application of 'intelligence' (e.g., to humans, animals, or computers) depends on the specific concept/category pair used.
    • Concept theory provides a robust framework for understanding complex psychological notions like intelligence.