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Related Experiment Videos

Experimental citrinin nephrotoxicosis in dogs: renal function evaluation

M M Kogika1, M K Hagiwara, R M Mirandola

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Veterinary and Human Toxicology
|April 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Urinary changes like glucosuria and proteinuria can signal kidney damage from citrinin in dogs before blood markers change. Urinalysis is key for detecting early signs of nephrotoxicity.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Toxicology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Acute kidney injury (AKI) poses a significant challenge in veterinary medicine.
  • Nephrotoxins can cause substantial renal damage, impacting canine health.
  • Understanding early indicators of renal dysfunction is crucial for timely intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the temporal development and characteristics of renal damage induced by citrinin in dogs.
  • To evaluate the utility of urinalysis in detecting early signs of acute nephrotoxicosis.
  • To correlate urinary abnormalities with changes in blood biochemistry parameters.

Main Methods:

  • Controlled experimental study involving induced citrinin intoxication in six dogs.
  • Daily monitoring included physical examinations, urinalysis, and blood biochemistry (urea, creatinine, electrolytes, glucose) over two weeks.

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  • Citrinin administered at 10 mg/kg/BW every 24 hours for two days.

    • Main Results:

    • Citrinin induced renal lesions primarily affecting the proximal convoluted tubule.
    • Early urinary abnormalities included glucosuria (day 1-5), proteinuria (day 1-5), and cylindruria (day 1-15).
    • These urinary changes preceded significant elevations in blood urea and serum creatinine, indicating mild glomerular filtration rate impairment.

    Conclusions:

    • Urinalysis is a sensitive tool for early detection of citrinin-induced nephrotoxicity in dogs.
    • Glucosuria, proteinuria, and cylindruria are early indicators of proximal tubule damage.
    • The findings highlight the importance of urinalysis in assessing nephrotoxic effects, especially when toxins target the tubules.