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A model to promote activity competence in elders

R E Levine1, L N Gitlin

  • 1Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Allied Health Sciences, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107.

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy : Official Publication of the American Occupational Therapy Association
|February 1, 1993
PubMed
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This study shows that occupational therapy home visits using purposeful activities helped older adults with chronic disabilities achieve small, client-identified gains. This approach supports improved treatment planning for elderly individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Occupational Therapy
  • Rehabilitation

Background:

  • Chronic disabilities significantly impact older adults' independence and quality of life.
  • Home-based interventions are crucial for providing accessible and personalized care to elderly populations.
  • Occupational therapy offers a framework for promoting adaptation and competence in individuals with functional limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate a home-based occupational therapy intervention utilizing purposeful activities.
  • To enhance adaptation and competence in community-living elders with chronic disabilities.
  • To explore the effectiveness of participant-observation and collaborative activity identification.

Main Methods:

  • Seven home care therapists conducted 3-10 visits over 3 months with 17 elderly participants.

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  • Participant-observation and collaborative activity identification were used to understand clients' social and cultural systems.
  • Structured field notes documented each home visit, with 112 field notes analyzed.

    • Main Results:

    • Therapists demonstrated an understanding of individual client needs.
    • Clients achieved small, qualitative gains in areas they deemed important.
    • Reilly's activity continuum provided a useful framework for intervention.

    Conclusions:

    • Home-based occupational therapy using purposeful activities can lead to meaningful client-centered outcomes.
    • The intervention approach fosters improved adaptation and competence in chronically disabled older adults.
    • Findings support the development of effective, accountable, and future-oriented treatment plans for the elderly.