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Related Experiment Videos

Gamma/delta cells

W Haas1, P Pereira, S Tonegawa

  • 1Hoffman-LaRoche, Inc., Nutley, New Jersey 07110.

Annual Review of Immunology
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gamma delta T cells, crucial immune cells, differentiate into distinct subsets with specialized tissue homing and receptor repertoires. Their precise functions remain under investigation, though they may complement alpha beta T cells in microbial defense.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • T cell biology
  • Developmental immunology

Background:

  • T cell progenitors commit to alpha beta and gamma delta T cell lineages, including specific subsets.
  • Gamma delta T cell subsets develop in fetal thymus, adult thymus, or extrathymically, such as in intestinal epithelia.
  • Fetal thymus-derived gamma delta T cells are monospecific, with restricted receptor repertoires due to limited diversity generation and thymic selection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the developmental pathways and tissue-specific distribution of distinct gamma delta T cell subsets.
  • To characterize the receptor repertoires of different gamma delta T cell populations.
  • To explore the potential functions of gamma delta T cells in the immune system.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of T cell progenitor commitment and differentiation.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Characterization of gamma delta T cell subsets in various tissues (fetal thymus, adult thymus, blood, spleen, lymph nodes, intestinal epithelia).
  • Investigation of receptor repertoire diversity, including V gamma gene segment usage and junctional diversity.
  • Preliminary studies using gene knockout mice lacking alpha beta or gamma delta T cells.

    • Main Results:

    • Distinct gamma delta T cell subsets develop with specific tissue tropisms (skin, uterus, vagina, tongue, blood, spleen, lymph nodes, intestinal epithelia).
    • Fetal thymus-derived gamma delta T cells exhibit monospecificity.
    • Postnatal gamma delta T cell subsets show preferential V gamma gene usage and extensive junctional diversity.
    • Gamma delta T cells recognize MHC class I, class II, and MHC class I-like proteins.

    Conclusions:

    • Gamma delta T cell development is diverse, leading to subsets with distinct tissue localization and receptor characteristics.
    • The interaction of gamma delta T cells with antigen-presenting cells and proteins varies depending on the subset and tissue.
    • Gamma delta T cells may not function as helper cells in humoral immunity but could play a complementary role in innate immunity against microorganisms.