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Indications and guidelines for mammographic examinations
American Journal of Surgery
|March 1, 1977
Summary
Mammography screening significantly reduces breast cancer mortality by one-third in asymptomatic women. However, careful patient selection is advised due to concerns about long-term radiation exposure from mammograms.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Radiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Mammography's effectiveness in reducing breast cancer mortality has been established by major studies like the HIP program.
- Screening has shown a substantial one-third reduction in mortality for women undergoing mammography.
- Concerns exist regarding the long-term effects of repeated radiation exposure from mammography.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the established benefits of mammography in asymptomatic women.
- To address concerns about radiation exposure from mammography.
- To provide guidelines for judicious mammography screening.
Main Methods:
- Review of data from the Health Insurance Plan (HIP) program and National Cancer Institute breast demonstration projects.
- Analysis of mortality reduction associated with mammographic screening.
- Consideration of risks versus benefits for different patient populations.
Main Results:
- Mammography screening is associated with a proven one-third reduction in breast cancer mortality.
- The benefits are most pronounced in asymptomatic women and those at high risk.
- Potential risks from radiation exposure necessitate careful patient selection.
Conclusions:
- Mammography is a valuable tool for reducing breast cancer mortality in asymptomatic and high-risk women.
- Guidelines are needed to balance the benefits of early detection with the risks of radiation exposure.
- Judicious selection of women for mammography is recommended to maximize benefits and minimize risks.