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Candidate recombinant vaccine for human B19 parvovirus
G P Bansal1, J A Hatfield, F E Dunn
1MedImmune, Inc., Gaithersburg, MD 20878.
The Journal of Infectious Diseases
|May 1, 1993
Summary
Recombinant empty capsids with higher VP1 protein content effectively induce neutralizing antibodies against human B19 parvovirus. These VP1-enriched capsids are promising candidates for developing a B19 parvovirus vaccine.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Immunology
- Vaccine Development
Background:
- Human B19 parvovirus causes various clinical manifestations, including anemia and arthropathy.
- Current B19 parvovirus vaccines are lacking, necessitating the development of effective immunogens.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the immunogenicity of recombinant human B19 parvovirus empty capsids with varying VP1 protein content.
- To determine the optimal VP1 protein composition for eliciting potent virus-neutralizing antibody responses.
Main Methods:
- Production of recombinant baculoviruses to generate B19 parvovirus empty capsids with different VP1/VP2 ratios.
- Immunization of mice, guinea pigs, and rabbits with purified capsids, with or without adjuvant.
- Analysis of sera for total antibodies, VP1-specific antibodies, and virus-neutralizing antibodies.
Main Results:
- Capsids containing ≥25% VP1 protein efficiently induced vigorous B19 virus-neutralizing antibody responses.
- VP1-depleted capsids or those with only 4% VP1 showed poor neutralizing activity.
- A correlation was observed between VP1-specific antibodies and virus neutralization.
Conclusions:
- The polypeptide composition of B19 parvovirus empty capsids is critical for eliciting potent neutralizing immunity.
- Recombinant empty capsids enriched with VP1 protein are a promising basis for a human B19 parvovirus vaccine.