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[Isolation and partial characterization of (PAF) platelet-activating-factor]

J Benveniste, J Camussi, J M Mencia-Huerta

    Annales D'Immunologie
    |January 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary

    Platelet-activating factor, a newly identified mediator, is released from immune cells during anaphylaxis. This compound, likely a lyso-1-phosphatidylcholine, may explain the role of platelets in immune system disorders.

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    Journal of chemical ecology·2013

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Biochemistry
    • Cell Biology

    Context:

    • Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction involving multiple immune cells and mediators.
    • Platelets are known to play a role in immunopathology, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood.
    • The identification of novel mediators is crucial for understanding complex biological processes like anaphylaxis.

    Purpose:

    • To identify and characterize a new mediator involved in anaphylaxis.
    • To elucidate the chemical structure of this novel mediator.
    • To explore the potential role of this mediator in platelet involvement in immunopathology.

    Summary:

    • Platelet-activating factor (PAF) has been identified as a mediator released during anaphylaxis in various mammalian species.

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  • PAF is released from basophils and mast cells upon stimulation by antigens, anti-IgE antiserum, ionophore A 23187, C3a, C5a, and neutrophil cationic protein.
  • Structural studies suggest PAF is a lyso-1-phosphatidylcholine, potentially explaining the involvement of platelets in immunopathology.

    • Impact:

    • This discovery provides a new understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying anaphylaxis.
    • The identification of PAF opens new avenues for therapeutic interventions targeting allergic reactions and immune-mediated diseases.
    • Understanding PAF's role can lead to improved diagnostics and treatments for conditions involving platelet activation and immunopathology.