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Population-based incidence of IDDM in the state of São Paulo, Brazil
S R Ferreira1, L J Franco, M A Vivolo
1Department of Preventive Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, Brazil.
Insights
The incidence of childhood type 1 diabetes (T1D) in São Paulo, Brazil, was 7.6 per 100,000 children annually. This rate falls within the mid-range observed globally, with a higher incidence noted in girls.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Endocrinology
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Type 1 diabetes (T1D), or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), is a significant global health concern in pediatric populations.
- Understanding regional incidence variations is crucial for public health planning and resource allocation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the incidence of childhood IDDM in São Paulo, Brazil, between 1987 and 1991.
- To compare the incidence rates between genders in this population.
Main Methods:
- A prospective, population-based registry was established for case identification.
- Physician reports of newly diagnosed IDDM patients (under 15 years) served as the primary data source.
- School surveys were utilized as a secondary data source, adhering to international epidemiological standards.
Main Results:
- Case ascertainment completeness was high, exceeding 92% across the studied cities.
- The average annual incidence of IDDM was 7.6 per 100,000 inhabitants (95% CI: 5.6-9.7).
- A higher incidence rate was observed in girls compared to boys.
Conclusions:
- The incidence of childhood IDDM in São Paulo, a tropical South American region, is comparable to the mid-range rates found in developed countries.
- The observed higher incidence in girls warrants further investigation in ongoing, larger-scale Brazilian studies.
Objective:
To study the incidence of IDDM among children, infants to 14 yr of age, in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, 1987-1991.
Research Design And Methods:
A prospective population-based register was established, using physician reports of newly diagnosed IDDM patients < 15 yr of age as the primary source of case identification and school surveys as the main secondary source. Data were collected according to the methods recommended by the Diabetes Epidemiology Research International group.
Results:
Case ascertainment was estimated at 95.0, 92.8, and 98.8% complete for each of the three cities studied. The average annual IDDM incidence was 7.6/100,000 inhabitants (95% confidence interval, 5.6-9.7). We found a higher incidence rate in girls than boys.
Conclusions:
The incidence of childhood IDDM in a tropical region in South America (São Paulo, Brazil) is in the middle incidence range observed in developed countries throughout the world. Increased incidence of IDDM in girls compared with boys will be tested by the ongoing Brazilian incidence study being developed in 18 other centers across the country.