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Parvovirus B19 infection

S J Naides1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City.

Rheumatic Diseases Clinics of North America
|May 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Human parvovirus B19 infection is common and can cause adult erythema infectiosum with rheumatoid-like joint symptoms. This virus may serve as a model for studying viral roles in rheumatic disease pathogenesis.

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Rheumatology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Human parvovirus B19 is a common DNA virus with established clinical syndromes.
  • B19 infection is widespread in the community.
  • Rheumatologic manifestations of B19 are increasingly recognized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the rheumatologic manifestations of human parvovirus B19 infection.
  • To discuss the differentiation of B19-associated arthropathy from rheumatoid arthritis.
  • To highlight the potential of B19 as a model for virus-host interactions in rheumatic diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of B19 infection and its rheumatologic associations.
  • Clinical case analysis of patients with B19-related arthropathy.
  • Discussion of pathogenetic mechanisms linking B19 to rheumatic syndromes.

Main Results:

  • B19 infection can cause erythema infectiosum in adults, often accompanied by symmetric polyarthralgia and polyarthritis.
  • Symptoms may initially present solely as joint pain and swelling.
  • A chronic arthropathy can develop, requiring differentiation from early rheumatoid arthritis.

Conclusions:

  • Human parvovirus B19 is an important cause of acute and chronic arthropathy in adults.
  • Persistent B19 infection may play a role in the pathogenesis of certain rheumatic diseases.
  • B19 serves as a valuable model for investigating virus-host interactions in rheumatology.

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