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Menstrual response to running: nursing implications

P J Estok1, E B Rudy, M E Kerr

  • 1Kent State University, School of Nursing, OH.

Nursing Research
|May 1, 1993
PubMed
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Running intensity impacts menstrual cycle characteristics, particularly menses duration and amount. However, a history of skipped periods significantly influences these findings, with runners showing more ovulatory disturbances.

Area of Science:

  • Exercise physiology
  • Reproductive endocrinology
  • Sports medicine

Background:

  • Menstrual cycle regularity is crucial for reproductive health.
  • Exercise, particularly running, may influence menstrual function.
  • Understanding the relationship between running intensity and menstrual characteristics is important for female athletes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of different running intensities on overt and covert menstrual cycle characteristics.
  • To determine if running intensity affects menstrual cycle duration, menses duration, menses amount, luteal surge incidence, and luteal phase length.
  • To identify predictors of menstrual cycle variations in women runners.

Main Methods:

  • A study involving 146 women across four running intensity levels.

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  • Collection of menstrual and running data over 4 months (approximately 3 cycles).
  • Statistical analysis to compare menstrual characteristics among groups, controlling for relevant factors.

    • Main Results:

    • Nonrunners experienced significantly longer and heavier menses compared to high-intensity runners.
    • History of skipping menstrual periods significantly altered group differences in menses duration and amount.
    • Runners exhibited a shorter luteal phase and more ovulatory disturbances compared to nonrunners, even after controlling for age and menstrual history.
    • No significant differences were found in luteal surge incidence or luteal phase length among the four groups initially.

    Conclusions:

    • Running intensity can influence menstrual cycle characteristics, especially menses duration and amount.
    • A history of skipped periods is a significant factor influencing menstrual cycle variations.
    • Runners may be at a higher risk for ovulatory disturbances compared to nonrunners.
    • Both running habits and a history of skipped periods are key predictors of menstrual cycle variability.