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Toxoplasmosis in pregnancy

B Stray-Pedersen

    Bailliere'S Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology
    |March 1, 1993
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Toxoplasma gondii infection in pregnant women can lead to congenital toxoplasmosis in infants, often causing long-term health issues. Early detection and treatment significantly improve outcomes for both mother and child.

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    Area of Science:

    • Medical Parasitology
    • Maternal-Fetal Medicine
    • Infectious Diseases

    Background:

    • Primary Toxoplasma gondii infection during pregnancy affects 0.1-1% globally.
    • Congenital toxoplasmosis occurs in ~40% of infected pregnancies, with risks increasing throughout gestation.
    • Infants are often asymptomatic at birth but may develop severe sequelae like vision impairment and developmental delays.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review current knowledge on Toxoplasma gondii in pregnancy.
    • To discuss prevention strategies and treatment efficacy for maternal and congenital toxoplasmosis.
    • To highlight the importance of prenatal diagnosis and future research.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review summarizing existing data on Toxoplasma gondii infection in pregnancy.

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  • Analysis of prevention and treatment outcomes.
  • Discussion of diagnostic advancements and public health recommendations.

    • Main Results:

    • Early maternal treatment reduces placental colonization by >60% and prevents fetal infection.
    • Maternal treatment can modify fetal disease if infection has occurred.
    • Prenatal diagnosis is feasible via parasite detection in fetal samples, with antibody testing providing additional information.

    Conclusions:

    • Serological surveillance of pregnant women is recommended.
    • Countries should assess the incidence of toxoplasmosis to guide public health measures.
    • Further research, including long-term follow-up, is crucial for understanding congenital toxoplasmosis outcomes.