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[The parathyroid gland under normal and experimental conditions]
1Department of Anatomy, Gifu University School of Medicine, Japan.
Kaibogaku Zasshi. Journal of Anatomy
|February 1, 1993
Summary
This review compares parathyroid gland morphology across vertebrates, detailing cell types and gland variations. It highlights differences in gland location and cell structure in various species, including mammals, reptiles, and amphibians.
Area of Science:
- Comparative anatomy
- Endocrinology
- Histology
Context:
- Parathyroid glands are crucial for calcium homeostasis.
- Their morphology varies significantly across vertebrate species.
- Historical light and electron microscopic studies provide a foundation for comparative analysis.
Purpose:
- To review and compare the morphology of parathyroid glands in amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.
- To examine the effects of experimental conditions on parathyroid glands in select species.
- To synthesize current knowledge on parathyroid gland structure and cell types.
Summary:
- Parathyroid glands originate from branchial pouches and are present in vertebrates above fish.
- Gland number varies (2-4), with mammals typically having glands associated with the thyroid, unlike other groups.
- Cell types include chief cells and oxyphil cells, with variations in appearance and potential functional states, though cytoplasmic density differences are often preparation artifacts.
Impact:
- Provides a comprehensive overview of parathyroid gland comparative morphology.
- Establishes a baseline for understanding functional adaptations in different vertebrate groups.
- Informs future research on parathyroid gland development, function, and evolution.