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[Osteoarticular infections by Salmonella non-typhi]
J M Ramos1, P García-Corbeira, J M Aguado
1Servicio de Microbiología Médica, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid.
Background:
The aim of this study was to know the clinical characteristics of osteoarticular infection by Salmonella non typhi (SNT) in Spain.
Patients And Methods:
The medical records of 14 patients with osteoarticular infection by SNT from January 1970 to December 1992 were reviewed.
Results:
Over the above mentioned 23 years, 1334 patients had been diagnosed with one or more SNT isolations, with 14 (1%) having osteoarticular infection. Seven patients had septic arthritis, 3 osteomyelitis and 4 mixed infection (arthritis and osteomyelitis). Thirteen patients (93%) presented with underlying systemic disease (immunosuppression 12 cases [86%] and hemoglobinopathy 1 case [7%]) and 5 (36%) had predisposing osteoarticular disease. The most commonly affected joint was the knee (9.58%). Involvement was monoarticular in 8 episodes (73%). Out of the 7 cases with osteomyelitis, 4 (57%) were secondary to an articular foci and 3 (43%) were of hematogenic origin. The femur (4 cases, 44%) and the tibia (4 cases, 44%) were the most frequent localizations. On nine occasions (64%) the cultures remained positive 7 days after initiation of antibiotic treatment. Only one patient died as a consequence of the articular infection.
Conclusions:
Osteoarticular infection by Salmonella non typhi should take the existence of immune disorders into account.
Insights
Osteoarticular infections caused by Salmonella non typhi (SNT) are rare, often occurring in immunocompromised patients. Early recognition of SNT osteoarticular infections is crucial, especially in individuals with underlying immune deficiencies.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Rheumatology
- Microbiology
Context:
- Osteoarticular infections represent a significant clinical challenge.
- Salmonella non typhi (SNT) is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause severe infections.
- Understanding the epidemiology and clinical features of SNT osteoarticular infections is essential for effective management.
Purpose:
- To elucidate the clinical characteristics of osteoarticular infections caused by Salmonella non typhi (SNT) in Spain.
- To identify risk factors and common presentations of SNT-related bone and joint infections.
Summary:
- This study reviewed 14 cases of osteoarticular infection by SNT over 23 years, finding it in 1% of all SNT isolations.
- The majority of patients (93%) had underlying systemic diseases, primarily immunosuppression (86%).
- Commonly affected sites included the knee, femur, and tibia, with infections often being monoarticular.
Impact:
- Highlights the strong association between SNT osteoarticular infections and immune system disorders.
- Emphasizes the need for considering SNT in the differential diagnosis of osteoarticular infections, particularly in immunocompromised individuals.
- Provides valuable data for clinicians managing rare but serious bone and joint infections caused by non-typhoidal Salmonella.