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Related Experiment Videos

Hydrochlorothiazide-induced acute pulmonary edema

S R Fine1, A Lodha, S Zoneraich

  • 1Division of Allergy and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Flushing Hospital Medical Center, NY 11355, USA.

The Annals of Pharmacotherapy
|July 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Hydrochlorothiazide can cause noncardiogenic pulmonary edema, a rare but serious side effect. This reaction appears idiosyncratic and occurs with thiazide diuretics, necessitating clinical awareness.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Pulmonology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Hydrochlorothiazide is a common thiazide diuretic used for hypertension and edema.
  • Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema is a rare but severe adverse reaction.
  • The pathogenesis of this reaction remains largely unknown.

Observation:

  • A 70-year-old woman developed acute noncardiogenic pulmonary edema after her first dose of hydrochlorothiazide.
  • The patient had mild pedal edema prior to the event.
  • This represents the fifteenth reported case of such a reaction.

Findings:

  • Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema induced by hydrochlorothiazide is an idiosyncratic reaction.
  • The reaction shows specificity with thiazide diuretics.
  • Immunologic mechanisms have been largely ruled out in previous cases.

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Implications:

  • Clinicians must be aware of this potential serious adverse reaction to hydrochlorothiazide.
  • The reaction occurs unpredictably and without warning.
  • This highlights the importance of careful medication review and patient monitoring for diuretic-induced pulmonary edema.