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Expression of nm23-H1 gene product in thyroid, ovary, and breast cancers
Abstract:
The nm23 gene product is one of several possible mediators of cancer invasion and metastasis. As the amounts of nm23-H1 mRNA and gene product are reduced in metastatic lymph nodes from patients with papillary carcinoma of the thyroid, we examined the expression of nm23 gene product in 115 thyroid cancers, 78 ovarian cancers, 63 breast cancers, and metastatic lymph node tissues by immunohistochemistry. It was found that nm23-H1, but not nm23-H2 gene product, was expressed in primary sites of thyroid, ovarian, and breast cancers, except for medullary and anaplastic carcinomas of the thyroid, but expressed only weakly or poorly in metastatic lymph nodes. Although nm23-H1 gene product expression was lower in anaplastic and medullary carcinomas of the thyroid, there was no significant difference in nm23-H1 gene product expression among histological types of ovarian and breast cancers. Our data indicate that the nm23-H1 gene product may play a role in metastasis in these hormone-producing organs and that other factors may be involved in metastasis of anaplastic and medullary carcinomas of the thyroid.
Insights
The nm23-H1 gene product, a key factor in cancer metastasis, was found to be reduced in metastatic lymph nodes. Its expression in primary tumors varied by cancer type, suggesting a role in metastasis for certain cancers.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Cancer Research
Background:
- The nm23 gene product is implicated as a mediator of cancer invasion and metastasis.
- Reduced nm23-H1 mRNA and protein levels are observed in metastatic lymph nodes of thyroid papillary carcinoma patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the expression of the nm23 gene product in various human cancers.
- To determine the correlation between nm23-H1 expression and metastasis in thyroid, ovarian, and breast cancers.
Main Methods:
- Immunohistochemistry was used to examine nm23-H1 and nm23-H2 gene product expression.
- The study analyzed 115 thyroid cancers, 78 ovarian cancers, 63 breast cancers, and metastatic lymph node tissues.
Main Results:
- nm23-H1, not nm23-H2, was expressed in primary thyroid, ovarian, and breast cancers (excluding medullary and anaplastic thyroid carcinomas).
- Expression of nm23-H1 was weak or poor in metastatic lymph nodes across all cancer types studied.
- Lower nm23-H1 expression was noted in anaplastic and medullary thyroid carcinomas, but no significant differences were found among histological types of ovarian and breast cancers.
Conclusions:
- The nm23-H1 gene product may play a role in the metastasis of thyroid, ovarian, and breast cancers.
- Other factors likely contribute to the metastasis of anaplastic and medullary thyroid carcinomas.
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