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Granulocytic sarcoma in patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia
S Ahmed1, M Anwar, S A Siddiqui
1Department of Haematology, Rawalpindi.
Insights
Granulocytic sarcoma, a rare myeloid malignancy, occurred in 10% of chronic myeloid leukemia patients. Treatment with DAT regimen led to remission, while hydroxyurea showed poor outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Oncology
Background:
- Granulocytic sarcoma is an uncommon myeloid malignancy.
- It is frequently associated with chronic or acute myeloid leukemia.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report the incidence of granulocytic sarcoma in chronic myeloid leukemia patients.
- To evaluate treatment outcomes for granulocytic sarcoma.
Main Methods:
- Prospective study of 60 chronic myeloid leukemia patients over 21 months.
- Observation of granulocytic sarcoma development and treatment responses.
Main Results:
- Six patients (10%) developed granulocytic sarcoma.
- Four patients presented with granulocytic sarcoma initially.
- One patient achieved remission with the DAT regimen (daunorubicin, cytarabine, 6-thioguanine).
- Patients on hydroxyurea showed unfavorable outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Granulocytic sarcoma is a significant complication in chronic myeloid leukemia.
- The DAT regimen may be effective in treating granulocytic sarcoma.
- Hydroxyurea may be less effective for granulocytic sarcoma in CML.
Abstract:
Granulocytic sarcoma is an unusual variant of myeloid malignancy most commonly encountered in the course of chronic or acute myeloid leukaemia. Of 60 patients of chronic myeloid leukaemia studied over 21 months, we encountered 6 (10%) cases of granulocytic sarcoma. Four of these had granulocytic sarcoma on their first presentation. All those who were receiving hydroxyurea did not fare well but one who was put on DAT (daunorubicin, cyftosine arabinocide, 6 thioguanine)regimen went into remission with complete disappearance of lesions.