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Tumor-induced osteomalacia

D Schapira1, O Ben Izhak, A Nachtigal

  • 1Department of Rheumatology, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel.

Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism
|August 1, 1995
PubMed
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Tumor-induced osteomalacia, a rare condition, is caused by neoplasms. Surgical removal of the tumor led to rapid remission of hypophosphatemia and osteomalacia symptoms.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome.
  • It is characterized by hypophosphatemia, hyperphosphaturia, and low 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels.
  • Fewer than 100 cases have been documented.

Observation:

  • A case of adult-onset hypophosphatemic osteomalacia was investigated.
  • An asymptomatic phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor in the lung was discovered.
  • The tumor was surgically resected.

Findings:

  • Post-resection, rapid normalization of laboratory values (serum phosphate, urinary phosphate, vitamin D) was observed.
  • Clinical remission of osteomalacia symptoms occurred quickly after tumor removal.
  • Histopathological analysis confirmed the mesenchymal nature of the pulmonary neoplasm.

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Implications:

  • Occult neoplasms should be considered in unexplained adult osteomalacia cases.
  • Early detection and surgical excision of the causative tumor offer a definitive cure.
  • This highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in diagnosing rare paraneoplastic syndromes.