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Related Experiment Videos

Prolactin: a diabetogenic hormone

R Landgraf, M M Landraf-Leurs, A Weissmann

    Diabetologia
    |April 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
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    High prolactin (PRL) levels in pituitary tumors impair glucose tolerance and increase insulin. Bromocriptine treatment improved these metabolic issues, suggesting PRL

    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Metabolic research
    • Tumor biology

    Background:

    • Prolactin-producing pituitary tumors are common endocrine disorders.
    • The metabolic effects of hyperprolactinemia, particularly on glucose metabolism, require further elucidation.
    • Growth hormone excess is known to affect glucose metabolism, but the role of prolactin alone is less understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of hyperprolactinemia on glucose tolerance and insulin response.
    • To assess the effect of prolactin suppression on glucose metabolism in patients with pituitary tumors.
    • To explore the direct effect of prolactin on insulin release.

    Main Methods:

    • Oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) were performed on 26 patients with prolactinomas and an age-matched control group.

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  • Blood glucose and insulin levels were measured at baseline and after glucose load.
  • A second OGTT was conducted after treatment with bromocriptine (CB 154) to suppress prolactin (PRL).
  • Insulin release was studied in a perfused rat pancreas model exposed to human PRL or bromocriptine.

    • Main Results:

    • Patients with hyperprolactinemia exhibited impaired glucose tolerance and hyperinsulinemia compared to controls.
    • Bromocriptine treatment significantly improved glucose tolerance and normalized insulin levels.
    • In vitro studies showed no significant direct effect of human PRL or bromocriptine on insulin release from the perfused rat pancreas.

    Conclusions:

    • Prolactin (PRL) appears to have a diabetogenic effect, negatively impacting glucose tolerance.
    • Bromocriptine (CB 154) is effective in improving glucose metabolism in patients with prolactinomas.
    • These findings highlight the potential of bromocriptine in managing metabolic disturbances associated with hormone-active pituitary tumors.