Atypical leishmaniasis in a patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus

Visceral leishmaniasis is an anthropozoonosis endemic in the south of France. Its occurrence among patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), in whom it presents with uncommon clinical, biological, and evolutionary signs, is being reported more and more often. We describe a case of leishmaniasis in an HIV-seropositive man that we believe is unique with respect to the cutaneous and then visceral location of the disease and the discovery at necropsy of an adrenal and myocardial leishmanial infiltrate.