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The Pinwheel Model of Bereavement

P A Solari-Twadell1, S S Bunkers, C E Wang

  • 1Loyola University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

Image--The Journal of Nursing Scholarship
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
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The Pinwheel Model of Bereavement offers a unique perspective on grief, viewing loss as a personal journey. It integrates nursing theory to support individuals experiencing loss.

Area of Science:

  • Nursing
  • Psychology
  • Grief Studies

Background:

  • Grief is a complex, individual experience.
  • Existing models may not fully capture the nuances of loss.
  • Margaret Newman's theory of health as expanding consciousness provides a framework for understanding lived experience.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and describe the Pinwheel Model of Bereavement.
  • To integrate the model with Newman's nursing theory.
  • To identify nursing responses and capacities for supporting the bereaved.

Main Methods:

  • Development of the Pinwheel Model based on Carter's research (1989) and clinical experience.
  • Integration of core themes (being stopped, hurting, missing, holding, seeking, valuing) and meta-themes (change, expectations, inexpressibility).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Application of "personal history" as the contextual theme.

    • Main Results:

    • The Pinwheel Model conceptualizes grief as a process-oriented, unique lived experience.
    • Six core themes and three meta-themes define the grief process within the model.
    • The model highlights the importance of "being with" the bereaved.

    Conclusions:

    • The Pinwheel Model offers a novel framework for understanding and responding to bereavement.
    • Integrating the model with Newman's theory enhances nursing practice in grief care.
    • The model emphasizes the personal and contextual nature of loss.