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A classification scheme for outcome indicators
B M Jennings1, N Staggers, L R Brosch
1U.S. Army Nurse Corps, Falls Church, VA, USA. bonnie.jennings@otsg.amedd.army.mil
Image--The Journal of Nursing Scholarship
|January 11, 2000
Summary
A new framework classifies healthcare outcome indicators into patient, provider, and organization-focused groups. Utilizing a broader range of these indicators offers a more balanced assessment of healthcare quality and delivery.
Area of Science:
- Health Services Research
- Healthcare Quality Improvement
- Outcomes Measurement
Background:
- Effective healthcare quality assessment relies on comprehensive outcome indicators.
- Existing outcome measurement often focuses on a limited set of metrics.
- A structured approach is needed to categorize diverse outcome indicators.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a classification framework for healthcare outcome indicators.
- To facilitate a more holistic evaluation of healthcare outcomes and quality.
- To guide researchers and practitioners in selecting a wider array of relevant indicators.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review of outcome indicators in medicine, nursing, and health services research since 1974.
- Inductive clustering of identified outcome indicators to establish categories.
- Analysis of the scope and focus of existing outcome measurement practices.
Main Results:
- Identified three primary categories of outcome indicators: patient-focused, provider-focused, and organization-focused.
- Documented the tendency for research to concentrate on a few common indicators like patient satisfaction, quality of life, and mortality.
- Highlighted the existence of numerous other indicators for measuring diverse healthcare outcomes.
Conclusions:
- A balanced view of healthcare delivery necessitates the selection and integration of diverse outcome indicators across all identified categories.
- Moving beyond a narrow focus on a few common indicators or a single category provides a more comprehensive understanding of healthcare performance.
- The proposed framework supports a more robust and nuanced approach to healthcare quality assessment and improvement.
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