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Opioids and benzodiazepines

M J Murray1, M L DeRuyter, B A Harrison

  • 1Mayo Medical School, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.

Critical Care Clinics
|October 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
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Intensive care unit patients commonly experience pain and anxiety. Opioids and benzodiazepines are effective treatments, with new formulations showing continued clinical success.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology and Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Intensive care unit (ICU) patients frequently suffer from pain and anxiety.
  • Opioids and benzodiazepines are standard treatments for these symptoms in the ICU.
  • These medications are recognized for their efficacy and established safety profiles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current use of opioids and benzodiazepines in managing ICU patient discomfort.
  • To highlight the effectiveness and safety of these therapeutic agents.
  • To discuss advancements in formulations and novel approaches for these medications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing clinical practices and literature on opioid and benzodiazepine use in ICUs.
  • Analysis of safety records and therapeutic windows of commonly used agents.
  • Examination of recent innovations in drug delivery and formulations.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Opioids and benzodiazepines demonstrate significant efficacy in alleviating pain and anxiety in ICU settings.
  • These drugs possess a generally favorable safety profile with a wide therapeutic index, apart from respiratory depression.
  • Emerging strategies and new formulations are being successfully implemented in clinical practice.

Conclusions:

  • Opioids and benzodiazepines remain cornerstone therapies for pain and anxiety in the ICU.
  • Continued development and application of new approaches enhance their clinical utility.
  • These agents, despite potential side effects like respiratory depression, offer a wide therapeutic margin.