[Treatment of cystitis in women]

Acute cystitis is a benign curable condition which affects at least one out of every two women at least once in their life. In uncomplicated cases, urinalysis is usually unnecessary as a simple dip stick test is sufficient for diagnosis and prescription of a short antibiotic regimen (a single dose or a 3 day treatment). Complicated acute cystitis requires a more precise diagnosis and justifies urinalysis and imaging. Antibiotics adapted to germ sensitivity is prescribed until bacteriologically sterile urine is obtained (3 to 10 days). Associated malformations of the urinary tract or obstruction must be managed together with careful control of aggravating factors (diabetes) and personal hygiene. Recurrent cystitis, defined as at least 4 episodes, raises a certain number of problems. The casual germ varies, although Escheria coli is found in approximately 70% of the cases. Several factors favour recurrent cystitis including malformations of the urinary tract, lithiasis, bladder reflux, cystocele or modification of the urethral meatus. Other circumstances such as sexual relations, excessive vaginal hygiene, vaginal tampons and clothing habits may play a role. Antibiotics generally solve the problem, but mechanisms which would improve the organism's specific response are currently under study.