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Related Experiment Videos

CD4 enumeration in HIV infected individuals

A Lopez1, J Ciudad, M Cordero

  • 1Servicio General de Citometria, University of Salamanca, Spain.

European Journal of Histochemistry : EJH
|January 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Two new methods for counting CD4+ T-cells were compared to flow cytometry. While both correlated well, one overestimated counts, and the other struggled with low CD4 counts in patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Accurate enumeration of peripheral blood (PB) CD4+ lymphocytes is crucial for monitoring immune status, particularly in conditions like HIV/AIDS.
  • Conventional flow cytometry (FCM) is the standard method, but alternative, potentially more accessible or efficient, methods are continually being explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the accuracy and reliability of two alternative methods for enumerating PB CD4+ lymphocytes against conventional FCM.
  • To evaluate the TRAxCD4™ enzyme immunoassay and a novel method utilizing a lyophilized lymphocyte internal standard.

Main Methods:

  • Peripheral blood (PB) CD4+ lymphocyte counts were determined using conventional flow cytometry (FCM).
  • Two alternative methods were employed: the TRAxCD4™ enzyme immunoassay and a direct enumeration method using lyophilized lymphocytes as an internal standard.

Main Results:

  • Both alternative methods demonstrated a high overall degree of correlation with conventional FCM.
  • The TRAxCD4™ immunoassay significantly overestimated PB CD4+ T-cell counts, partly due to monocyte-derived CD4 molecules.
  • The method using lyophilized lymphocytes showed a low correlation for patients with low CD4 counts.

Conclusions:

  • While alternative methods show promise, careful validation is needed, especially for specific patient populations or low cell count scenarios.
  • The TRAxCD4™ immunoassay may require adjustments to account for overestimation, and the lyophilized standard method needs further refinement for low CD4 count accuracy.

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