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Speech dysfunction in early Parkinson's disease

C Stewart1, L Winfield, A Hunt

  • 1Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, New York University 10003-6674, USA.

Movement Disorders : Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society
|September 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
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Early Parkinson's disease (PD) often causes motor speech problems, even in mild cases. Deprenyl treatment showed no consistent effect on these speech abnormalities in patients with early-stage PD.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Speech-Language Pathology

Background:

  • Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder.
  • Motor speech abnormalities, including issues with respiration, phonation, and articulation, are common in advanced PD.
  • Early-stage PD may also present with subtle speech deficits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence of motor speech abnormalities in early-stage, untreated Parkinson's disease (PD).
  • To assess the impact of deprenyl treatment on speech in these patients.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated 12 subjects with early PD (Hoehn and Yahr stage ≤2).
  • Assessed speech on and off deprenyl treatment.
  • Utilized acoustic analysis (DSP Sona-Graph 5500) and dysarthria evaluation.
  • Examined respiration, phonation, and articulation for speech defects.

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Main Results:

  • All 12 subjects exhibited at least two characteristics of dysarthria, though 8 were unaware.
  • Vocal tremor was detected in 4 subjects via spectrogram.
  • Deprenyl treatment did not yield consistent speech improvements; 10 showed no change, 1 worsened, and 1 improved.

Conclusions:

  • Early-stage Parkinson's disease is frequently associated with motor speech abnormalities (dysarthria).
  • Patients may not perceive their own speech deficits.
  • Deprenyl monotherapy does not appear to consistently alter speech characteristics in early PD.