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Sequence variation in the capsid protein genes of human papillomavirus type 16 and type 31
J P Icenogle1, K A Clancy, S Y Lin
1Human Papillomavirus Section, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.
Abstract:
The sequences of the capsid genes of a human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV 16) DNA and an HPV 31 DNA were determined. The HPV 16 DNA contained genes coding for the most variable HPV 16 capsid proteins yet identified (17 variable amino acids). Three of six coding changes in the HPV 31 DNA occurred at positions equivalent to ones where variable amino acids in HPV 16 have been observed. Variable amino acids in both viruses occurred predominantly in regions which showed amino acid variation when closely related types of HPV were compared; thus, most of the factors which determined the intratypic variation in the capsid proteins of the viruses described here were likely the same as those which determined differences between the capsid proteins of different HPV types.
Insights
Human papillomavirus (HPV) capsid protein variations in HPV 16 and HPV 31 share common genetic factors. These findings illuminate the molecular basis of HPV diversity and evolution.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common viral infection.
- Capsid proteins are crucial for HPV structure and function.
- Understanding HPV genetic variation is key to developing effective interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine and compare the capsid gene sequences of HPV type 16 (HPV 16) and HPV type 31 (HPV 31).
- To identify and analyze amino acid variations within the capsid proteins of these HPV types.
- To investigate the factors contributing to genetic diversity within and between HPV types.
Main Methods:
- DNA sequencing of capsid genes from HPV 16 and HPV 31.
- Amino acid sequence analysis to identify variable regions.
- Comparative analysis of sequence variations across related HPV types.
Main Results:
- HPV 16 DNA encoded capsid proteins with 17 variable amino acids, the highest identified to date.
- Three of six coding changes in HPV 31 DNA corresponded to variable amino acid positions in HPV 16.
- Variable amino acids in both HPV types were concentrated in regions showing variation among related HPV types.
Conclusions:
- The factors driving intratypic variation in HPV capsid proteins are likely similar to those causing intertypic differences.
- This suggests conserved mechanisms underlie HPV genetic diversity.
- Findings contribute to understanding HPV evolution and host-pathogen interactions.