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Dehydration anorexia in decerebrate rats

F W Flynn¹, K S Curtis, J G Verbalis

¹Department of Psychology, University of Wyoming, USA.

Behavioral Neuroscience

|October 1, 1995

Summary

Hypertonic saline (HS) inhibits food intake in rats. This effect is mediated by the caudal brainstem, not osmoreceptors in the ventral diencephalon, suggesting a key role for the brainstem in regulating appetite.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Physiology
Endocrinology

Background:

Hyperosmotic stimuli, such as hypertonic saline (HS), are known to influence feeding behavior.
Previous research has implicated osmoreceptors in the ventral diencephalon in regulating thirst and hormone secretion in response to HS.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of the caudal brainstem in mediating the inhibitory effects of HS on food intake.
To determine if HS-induced inhibition of feeding is dependent on osmoreceptors in the ventral diencephalon.

Main Methods:

Administration of HS intraperitoneally, intravenously, or intraorally in decerebrate and neurologically intact rats.
Lesioning of putative osmoreceptors in the ventral diencephalon.

Main Results:

Intraperitoneal HS significantly reduced sucrose solution intake in tube-fed decerebrate rats.
Both intraperitoneal and intravenous HS markedly decreased laboratory chow intake in neurologically intact rats.
Lesions of ventral diencephalon osmoreceptors did not affect HS-induced inhibition of food intake.

Conclusions:

The caudal brainstem plays a crucial role in the central control of food intake, including the inhibition induced by acute hyperosmolality.
HS-induced inhibition of feeding is independent of osmoreceptors located in the ventral diencephalon.

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