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[Physical training and blood pressure]

E Bertrand1, Y Frances, V Lafay

  • 1Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Nord, Marseille.

Bulletin De L'Academie Nationale De Medecine
|October 1, 1995
PubMed
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Regular exercise significantly lowers resting blood pressure (BP) and can reduce BP during physical activity, especially in hypertensive individuals. This non-pharmacological approach offers benefits for managing mild hypertension.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Exercise Science
  • Hypertension Management

Background:

  • Blood pressure (BP) elevates during exercise and decreases post-exercise.
  • Regular physical training leads to sustained reductions in resting BP.
  • Exercise training demonstrates a greater BP-lowering effect during exercise in hypertensive patients compared to normotensive individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the effects of exercise training on blood pressure.
  • To explore the mechanisms underlying exercise-induced BP changes.
  • To evaluate exercise as a non-pharmacological treatment for hypertension.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of studies on exercise training and blood pressure.
  • Analysis of effects on resting BP, exercise BP, and ambulatory BP.

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  • Examination of potential physiological mechanisms involved.

    • Main Results:

    • Consistent lowering of resting BP with continued exercise training.
    • Enhanced BP reduction during exercise in hypertensive patients.
    • Favorable effects on ambulatory BP, with no significant reduction in night-time BP.
    • Mechanisms may involve systemic vascular resistance, catecholamines, PGE2, taurine, and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.

    Conclusions:

    • Adequate physical training is a viable non-pharmacological treatment for hypertension, particularly for borderline, labile, and mild cases.
    • Certain sports may be permissible for hypertensive patients without target organ involvement.
    • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms of training-induced BP changes.