Periconceptional folic acid supplementation as a social intervention

Periconceptional folic acid supplementation has been shown to decrease the first occurrence of isolated neural tube defects (NTDs) by as much as 50%, and to decrease the recurrence risk for NTDs by more than 70%. The possible mechanisms of vitamin supplementation in the prevention of NTDs are discussed, as are the current recommendations for reproductive-age women. Further, the limitations of dietary and pharmacological recommendations with regard to patient compliance as well as the possibility of grain fortification are reviewed.