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Conjugative transposition

J R Scott1, G G Churchward

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.

Annual Review of Microbiology
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
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Conjugative transposons, like Tn916, are key to antibiotic resistance spread in bacteria. Their unique recombination mechanism, involving staggered DNA cuts and preferential integration into bent DNA, differs from phage lambda.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Conjugative transposons are significant drivers of antibiotic resistance, particularly in gram-positive bacteria.
  • Their promiscuous nature allows transfer between diverse bacterial species and genera.
  • The DNA sequence of Tn916 provides insights into its transfer and integration mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanism of recombination in conjugative transposition.
  • To predict the function of open reading frames and the origin of transfer in Tn916.
  • To compare the recombination process of conjugative transposons with that of phage lambda.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of the complete nucleotide sequence of Tn916.
  • Postulation of a recombination model involving staggered DNA cleavages and a circular intermediate.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Identification of preferential target sites in host DNA (bent DNA).

    • Main Results:

    • Conjugative transposition lacks target sequence duplication, distinguishing it from other transposons.
    • A model for staggered cleavages at transposon ends, forming a circular intermediate with heteroduplex DNA.
    • Tn916 integrase, similar to phage lambda integrase, binds to specific DNA sequences, influencing integration frequency.
    • Integration occurs preferentially at bent DNA sites, not specific sequences.

    Conclusions:

    • Conjugative transposons and phage lambda share striking similarities in their recombination mechanisms, utilizing integrase enzymes.
    • Unlike phage lambda, conjugative transposition does not require homologous recombining sites, suggesting the absence of branch migration.
    • A speculative model for Tn916 end alignment during excision is proposed, adapted from lambda recombination models.