Subchronic toxicity studies with the leukotriene D4 antagonist RG 12525

Preclinical safety studies with the leukotriene D4 antagonist RG 12525 were conducted by the oral route in mice, rats, and monkeys. Oral administration of RG 12525 was repeated daily in studies up to 6 months in duration. RG 12525 was shown to have limited high-dose toxicity after repeated oral administration. The effects of RG 12525 were strongly dependent upon the species considered. High doses of RG 12525 caused significant increases in liver weight in mice, rats, and monkeys that were associated with diffuse hepatocellular hypertrophy in mice and rats but not in monkeys. No related clinical chemistry changes were observed in any of the species and hepatic activities of peroxisomal enzymes or cytochrome P450 were increased only slightly. Proliferation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) was observed in rats and mice but not in monkeys. The BAT reaction was more pronounced in the interscapular area but it was also observed in other subcutaneous locations as well as in mediastinal and bone marrow fat. In all locations, the RG 12525-induced BAT had some morphological similarities with cold-adapted BAT. Repeated administration of RG 12525 at high doses to female rats resulted in a lack of progression to the luteal phase of the estrous cycle that was reversible after discontinuation of treatment. Finally, RG 12525 was nephrotoxic in mice with males being more sensitive than females.