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Related Experiment Videos

The long accessory flexor muscle: an anatomical study

D A Peterson1, W Stinson, J R Lairmore

  • 1Department of Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA.

Foot & Ankle International
|October 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

The long accessory flexor muscle, found in 8% of lower limbs, originates from the tibia or fibula and inserts into the foot. This muscle is associated with tarsal tunnel syndrome.

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Area of Science:

  • Anatomy
  • Human Anatomy
  • Lower Limb Anatomy

Background:

  • The long accessory flexor muscle is an anatomical variation in the human lower limb.
  • Its prevalence, origins, and insertions are not fully understood.
  • Understanding this muscle is crucial for diagnosing foot and ankle pathologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of the long accessory flexor muscle in human cadavers.
  • To describe the origins and insertions of this muscle.
  • To explore its potential association with tarsal tunnel syndrome.

Main Methods:

  • Dissection of 136 lower limbs from 68 human cadavers.
  • Documentation of the presence, origin (tibia or fibula), and insertion points of the long accessory flexor muscle.
  • Observation of the anatomical course of the muscle's tendon, particularly its relation to the laciniate ligament and tarsal tunnel.

Main Results:

  • The long accessory flexor muscle was identified in 11 of 136 lower extremities (8%) and 9 of 68 cadavers (13%).
  • Origins were noted from the tibia (5 instances) and fibula (6 instances).
  • Tendons coursed deep to the laciniate ligament within the tarsal tunnel, inserting on the quadratus plantae or flexor digitorum longus.

Conclusions:

  • The long accessory flexor muscle is an uncommon anatomical variant with significant implications.
  • Its anatomical course through the tarsal tunnel suggests a role in the development or exacerbation of tarsal tunnel syndrome.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the clinical significance of this muscle.

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