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A role for neutrophil elastase in solar elastosis

B Starcher¹, M Conrad

¹Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Center at Tyler 75710, USA.

Ciba Foundation Symposium

|January 1, 1995

Summary

Neutrophil elastase deficiency protected mice from UVB-induced solar elastosis. This suggests neutrophil elastase plays a key role in the development of skin damage from prolonged sun exposure.

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Area of Science:

Dermatology
Biochemistry
Molecular Biology

Background:

Solar elastosis is a condition characterized by the degradation of elastic fibers in the skin due to chronic sun exposure.
Neutrophil elastase is an enzyme implicated in tissue remodeling and inflammation, but its specific role in solar elastosis is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of neutrophil elastase in the development of UVB-induced solar elastosis.
To determine if a deficiency in neutrophil elastase affects the accumulation of elastin in the skin following UVB exposure.

Main Methods:

Generation of neutrophil elastase-deficient hairless mice (hhbb) by mating hairless (SKH-1) mice with beige (C57BL/bb) mice.
Exposure of mice to 0.09 J UVB radiation for 5 months.
Analysis of neutrophil elastase activity, myeloperoxidase activity, skin breaking strength, and elastin content (biochemically and histologically).

Main Results:

Neutrophil elastase deficiency was confirmed in hhbb mice, with only 10% of normal activity.
UVB exposure increased elastin in normal mice but not in elastase-deficient mice.
Skin breaking strength and inflammatory cell influx (myeloperoxidase activity) were similar in both groups after UVB exposure.

Conclusions:

Neutrophil elastase is a significant mediator in the development of solar elastosis caused by chronic UVB exposure.
Targeting neutrophil elastase may offer a therapeutic strategy for preventing or treating sun-induced skin damage.

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