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Related Experiment Videos

Pathogenic, immunologic, and molecular differences between two Ehrlichia risticii strains

R Vemulapalli1, B Biswas, S K Dutta

  • 1Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park 20742, USA.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology
|November 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
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A new Ehrlichia risticii strain (90-12) causes Potomac horse fever (PHF) in vaccinated horses, showing greater pathogenicity and distinct antigens compared to the older 25-D strain. These differences explain vaccine failures and guide the development of improved PHF vaccines.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Ehrlichia risticii causes Potomac horse fever (PHF), a significant equine disease.
  • Recent PHF cases in vaccinated horses suggest potential vaccine efficacy issues.
  • A novel E. risticii strain (90-12) was isolated from a vaccinated horse with clinical PHF.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the pathogenic, immunologic, and molecular differences between the new 90-12 strain and the original 25-D strain of E. risticii.
  • To understand the reasons behind vaccine failures in Potomac horse fever cases.
  • To provide insights for developing more effective PHF vaccines.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative pathogenicity studies in mice and horses.
  • Serological assays including ELISA, immunofluorescence, and immunoblotting.

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  • Molecular analyses such as Southern blot hybridization and 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
  • In vitro neutralization assays and in vivo mouse protection experiments.

    • Main Results:

    • The 90-12 strain exhibited higher pathogenicity in mice and horses than the 25-D strain.
    • Significant antigenic differences were identified, including a unique 85-kDa antigen in the 90-12 strain.
    • Genomic analysis revealed distinct patterns for specific genes, though 16S rRNA sequences were identical.
    • Cross-protection experiments showed limited efficacy of the 25-D strain vaccine against the 90-12 strain.

    Conclusions:

    • Major pathogenic and antigenic differences exist between the 90-12 and 25-D strains of E. risticii.
    • These strain variations likely contribute to the observed vaccine failures in Potomac horse fever.
    • Further research into these differences is crucial for developing broadly protective PHF vaccines.