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Dimethyl ethanolamine-induced asthma

M Vallieres, D W Cockcroft, D M Taylor

    The American Review of Respiratory Disease
    |May 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Occupational asthma was triggered by dimethyl ethanolamine in spray paint. This chemical, not the paint base, caused respiratory symptoms and dual asthmatic responses in a painter.

    Area of Science:

    • Occupational Health and Safety
    • Environmental Medicine
    • Respiratory Medicine

    Background:

    • Occupational exposure to spray paints can lead to respiratory issues.
    • Identifying specific causative agents in complex mixtures is crucial for prevention.

    Observation:

    • A spray painter developed progressive respiratory symptoms including sneezing, rhinorrhea, cough, wheezing, and dyspnea.
    • Workplace monitoring confirmed symptom development correlated with exposure and decreased peak flow rates.

    Findings:

    • Laboratory challenges demonstrated dual asthmatic responses upon exposure to the whole spray paint and to dimethyl ethanolamine (2%) alone.
    • Neither the paint emulsion (methyl methacrylate), water, nor the thinner (1,4 dioxane) induced airway responses.
    • Allergy skin tests for dimethyl ethanolamine were negative, suggesting a non-IgE mediated mechanism.

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    Implications:

    • This is the first reported case of asthma and/or rhinitis specifically induced by dimethyl ethanolamine.
    • Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanism of dimethyl ethanolamine-induced respiratory sensitization.
    • Highlights the importance of identifying specific chemical triggers in occupational asthma.