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Evolutionary consequences of mutation and selection within an individual

S P Otto1, M E Orive

  • 1Institute of Cellular, Animal and Population Biology, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom.

Genetics
|November 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Intraorganismal selection during development significantly reduces deleterious mutations by eliminating mutant cells. This process lowers mutation rates in offspring and population mutation load, especially in organisms with plastic development.

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Deleterious mutations accumulate over time, posing a threat to organismal health and population fitness.
  • Selection typically acts on individuals, but selection can also occur among cell lineages within an organism during development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of intraorganismal selection on the elimination of deleterious mutations during development.
  • To quantify how differences in cell replication rates affect mutant cell proportions.
  • To explore the evolutionary consequences of intraorganismal selection on mutation rates and population load.

Main Methods:

  • Mathematical analysis of cell lineage selection during development.
  • Modeling the effects of varying cell replication rates on mutant cell accumulation.

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  • Examining the influence of developmental plasticity and reproductive strategies on selection efficacy.

    • Main Results:

    • Small differences in cell replication rates during development lead to significant reductions in adult mutant cell proportions, particularly with many cell divisions.
    • Intraorganismal selection substantially decreases offspring mutation rates and population mutation load.
    • Selection is more effective in organisms with plastic development and in asexual, multicellular offspring producers.

    Conclusions:

    • Intraorganismal selection is a potent mechanism for purging deleterious mutations, impacting both individual development and population genetics.
    • This form of selection has broad evolutionary implications, potentially influencing the evolution of ploidy levels, favoring haploids.
    • Cell-lineage selection offers a novel perspective on mutation dynamics and evolutionary trajectories.