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[An epidemiologic study on pathogenesis of uric acid urolithiasis]
1Second Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo.
Ryumachi. [Rheumatism]
|October 1, 1995
Summary
The incidence of uric acid urinary stones has significantly increased by 3.5 times since 1975, now comprising 7.2% of all urinary calculi. This rise is predominantly observed in males and linked to conditions like gout and high alcohol intake.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Urology
- Metabolic Disorders
Context:
- Urinary calculi (stones) are a common urological condition.
- Calcium stones have consistently represented the majority (approx. 86%) of urinary calculi between 1975 and 1993.
- A notable shift in stone composition has been observed during this period.
Purpose:
- To analyze trends in the composition of urinary calculi over an 18-year period (1975-1993).
- To investigate the changing prevalence of different types of urinary stones.
- To identify potential contributing factors for observed changes in stone composition.
Summary:
- Calcium stones remained stable at approximately 86% of all urinary calculi.
- Uric acid stones demonstrated a significant increase, rising to 7.2% of urinary calculi.
- The absolute number of uric acid stones increased 3.5-fold compared to 1975.
- Over 90% of patients with uric acid stones were male.
- The rise in uric acid stones is hypothesized to be associated with increased prevalence of gout, hyperuricemia, and high alcohol consumption.
Impact:
- Highlights a significant epidemiological shift in urinary stone disease.
- Suggests a need for increased awareness and targeted prevention strategies for uric acid stones.
- Provides a basis for further research into the etiological factors driving the increase in uric acid calculi, particularly in males.
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