Bond strength of resin composite to air-abraded enamel

Tensile bond strengths of a resin composite-dentinal bonding system to air-abraded enamel were determined. Several cutting variables available on an air-abrasion cavity preparation system were investigated. Two tip diameters, two abrasive powder flow rates, and two air pressures were selected, producing cutting actions that ranged from the most to the least aggressive of the air abrasion system. After enamel surfaces were air abraded, they were etched for 30 seconds with 37% phosphoric acid or not etched. Tensile bond strengths of resin composite to air-abraded, acid etched enamel were significantly greater than were those to air-abraded, unetched enamel. There was no statistically significant difference between any combination of tip diameter, powder flow rate, or air pressure.